IMPLEMENTASI PID-GWO PADA SISTEM DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKING

The research aims to implement, obtain system stability, and determine the performance of Grey Wolf Optimizer in tuning PID controller parameters on dual-axis solar tracking systems. The GWO algorithm was chosen because of its ability to produce a stable system. In this research, the dual-axis solar tracking simulation model is developed using MATLAB or Simulink. The optimized PID controller parameters include Kp (proportional coefficient), Ki (integral coefficient), and Kd (integral coefficient) values. The purpose of this optimization is to minimize oscillation, overshoot, and undershoot in the dual-axis solar tracking system so as to produce good actual angular position accuracy in accordance with the predetermined setpoint.
The simulation results show that the GWO algorithm is able to optimize the PID parameters efficiently compared to the system without control (Horizontal: Overshoot 29.6911% and Undershoot 6.01%; Vertical: Overshoot 121.3682% and Undershoot 96.65%) or trial and error optimization method (Horizontal: Overshoot 10.7960% and Undershoot 0.275%; Vertical: Overshoot 10.032% and Undershoot 0.4753%). The GWO method also produces better optimization values compared to previous research, namely PSO (Horizontal: Overshoot 55.87% and Undershoot 20.09%; Vertical: Overshoot 38.64% and Undershoot 8.64%) and MPSO (Horizontal: Overshoot 45.03% and Undershoot 9.40%; Vertical: Overshoot 41.49% and Undershoot 6.39%). The optimal PID parameters generated by GWO successfully reduced the overshoot on the horizontal axis: 9.9574% and on the vertical axis: 9.0302%, while the undershoot on both axes is 0%, and the system successfully reaches the actual angular position value or setpoint that has been determined.

Keywords: Control System, GWO, PID, Solar Tracking System.